Revised syllabus (917/07)

Introduction to Human Geography

GEOG 600  Fall2007

Instructor: Dr. Martha Geores, mgeores@umd.edu; 54064

Monday 1-3:30, Room 1124 Lefrak

Office hours M 11-12, T 11:30-12:30 and by appointment

 

Required Texts:

Agnew, Human Geography: an Essential Anthology Blackwell publisher

Unwin, The Place of Geography, Longman/John Wiley

Nellis, Presidential Musings­

Aitken and Valentine, Approaches to human geography

 

Recommended Texts:

Hoggart, Researching Human Geography

Paulson, Political ecology across spaces, scales, Rutgers University Press.

Cloke, Envisioning Human Geographies, Arnold           

AAAS, AAAS Atlas of population & environment, University of California Press.

Jared Diamond, Guns, germs and steel and Collapse

 

­Goals of the course

 

GEOG 600 is the first segment of the graduate introduction to Geography as a field of study. The second segment is the Introduction to Physical Geography and will be taught by Dr. Townshend in the spring semester. This sequence is the comprehensive exam for both the MA and the PhD students.  Therefore, we expect you to give these courses a high level of effort and to emerge from the sequence as a certified geographer.  You should know the history and philosophy of the discipline and have a working knowledge of human and physical sub disciplines and their integration. 

 

Rules of the road

Attendance is expected. Class will start at 1, be there. You are expected to have read the assigned material and be ready to discuss it.  Common rules of courtesy apply to class time.  Open discussions will occur and all opinions will be respected and probably challenged – that’s what grad school is all about.

 

Grades will be assigned for class participation including both group presentations*(450 points) and discussion of the issues, weekly short papers** (200 points), a journal of your “encounters with human geography”(100 points), three 5-7 page essays on assigned topics,***(175 points a piece) and an in-class, closed book final exam (600 points).  Everyone is expected to participate during class discussions; I will moderate the discussions, not allowing anyone to either dominate or fail to participate. You are not competing against each other for grades.  Help each other; this course requires a lot of work. 

 

* Each week groups will be responsible for presentation and discussion of the readings. (Readings may be added as the instructor sees fit.)The code to the syllabus is that Group 1’s assignments are in italics, group 2’s are bold and group 3’s underlined. Your presentation may focus on the question of the day, or not, as you chose.  The presentation should include the main themes and it should not be a summary of each article.  You might want to present something about the author or the time she/he was writing in, or other works, and his/her. Don’t be afraid to add a little flavor to the class.  Your group will guide the discussion, so you might want to prepare stimulating questions.  We will proceed by “mutual invitation”.  You may not answer your own group’s questions, but you may respond to the statements or questions from the rest of the class.  You are leading the discussion.

 

**Each week I will give you a question to ponder while you are doing the readings.  After you do the readings you will write about the question in a two page essay.  There are three groups in the class,  Questions will be assigned according to group, so be sure that you answer your group’s question.  Sometimes I will ask you to find other articles on the subject to supplement the readings, most times you will just write about the assigned readings.  Please follow the writing style used in the Annals of the Association of American Geographers.

 

***The essays cover central themes in the course and will be due after we have finished the unit on that topic.

 

You must complete all of the work in order to get a grade (it’s a university rule).  Assignments are due at the beginning class time.  Assignments will lose half a letter grade each day they are late.  Grades on the weekly paper are from 1-20, and a late paper loses a point per day it is late.  If you consistently (3 times) fail to complete the assignments on time, or you miss 3 classes you will be asked to withdraw from the course, or you will receive a failing grade. 

 

Accommodations

If you have any special needs relating to your performance in the course, please let me know as early in the semester as possible.  I will accommodate you.  Religious holidays and campus obligations will be respected.

 

Honor Pledge

On each assignment you must include and sign the honor pledge – “I have neither given nor received unauthorized assistance on this assignment”.  This is a university requirement.  I expect you to know how to write papers without plagiarizing anyone’s work.

 

Syllabus

Each class will have 3 parts: presentation of the readings, applying the readings and an introduction to the next section.

 

Introduction

 

Sept. 10

Outline of the course and requirements

What do geographers say geography is?

Reading - Chapter 2, Nellis, et al – Presidential Musings from the Meridian

            Core statement from the faculty at UMD           

            Razing Appalachia

 

The History and Philosophy of Geography

Sept 17.Unwin, Chapter 3, “Geography and Society”

­­­­_____  Chapter 4, parts 4.1 and 4.2

Agnew, Chapter 1, “A Plea for the History of Geography” by John K. Wright

_____ Chapter 2 Paradigms and Revolution or Evolution, R.J.Johnston

_____ Chapter 5. “On the history and present condition of geography”, David Harvey

______Chapter 7 “What Geography Ought to Be” Peter Kropotkin

_____Chapter 9.  “The Study of Geography” Frank Boas

Question:  1.What aspect of the history of geography did you find important for today”

  1. What do you think geography ought to be about?
  2. What aspect of the history of geography made no sense to you at all?

 

Sept 24 Geography as an academic discipline

Aitken – Chapters 13,14,15

Unwin, Chapter 1 “Geography: the social construction of a discipline” and the remainder of Chapter 4.

Agnew, Chapter 4, “Institutionalization of Geography and Strategies of Change”, Capel

___Chapter 3, “Musing on Helicon” Anne Buttimer

 

Aitken chapters16,17,18

Nellis et als 2004 “Creating and maintaining strong and healthy departments”, chapter 5 in Presidential Musings, pp77-95.  and ‘Disciplinary Directions” chapter 9, 153-186.

Johnston, R.J. 1986. “Four Fixations and the Quest of Unity in Geography” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 11(4): 449-453.

 

The Harvard Story

AIKEN Chapters 19,30,21

Smith, Neil. 1987. “Academic War over the Field of Geography”: The Elimination of Geography at Harvard, 1947-1951” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 77(2): 155-172.

Augelli, John and Donald Patton. 1988. “On “Academic War of the Field of Geography” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 78(1): 145-147.

Cohen, Saul. 1988.”Reflections on the Elimination of Geography at Harvard, 1947-51” Annals of the Association of American Geographers78(1) 148-151.

Raisz, Erwin.1952. “Geography at Harvard” Science (Apr 11, 1952) 115(2989)” 405-406.

Cutter, Susan. 2004 “Bring Geography back to Harvard and Yale and…: in Nellis, p. 225-227.

Nellis, chapter 5.  Creating and maintaining strong and healthy departments.

Question:  1. What does it mean to be a unified discipline?

2.       When is conflict with in the discipline productive?

3.       What does conflict within the discipline look like to people outside the discipline?

 

October 1 Geography as a Social Science

Aitken chapter 1

Unwin, Chapter 2 “The place of theory”

Gallopin, Funtowicz, O’Connor and Ravetz. 2001. Science for the twenty-first century: from social contract to the scientific core” ISSJ (Unesco)168:219-229.

 

Aitken, chapter 2.29

Agnew, Chapter 6, “Situated Knowledges” Donna Haraway

______Chapter 10. ‘Meaning and Aim of Human Geography’, Paul Vidal de la Blache

_______ Chapter 38, “Reassertations: Toward a Spatialized Ontology” Soja

 

Aitken chapter 22

 Baxter, Jamie and John Eyles. 1996. “Evaluating Qualitative Research in Social Geography: Establishing ‘rigour’ in Interview Analysis” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers New Series 22:505-525.

Massey, Doreen. 1999. “Space-time, ‘Science’ and the Relationship between Physical and Human Geography”  Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers New Series, 24(3)”261-276.

Question:  1.What are the ontologies of human geography?

2. What are the epistemologies of human geography?

3.  Does physical geography have multiple ontologies and epistemologies?

 

OCTOBER 8.  First paper – Discuss the ontology and epistemology of Human Geography  no readings due

 

Oct. 15 The Relationship between human and physical geography

Environmental Determinism –IT’S BACK

The old kind:

Huntington, Ellsworth.1924. “Geography and Natural Selection: a Preliminary Study of the Origin and Development of Racial Character” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 14(1): 1-16.

_______. 1943. “The Geography of Human Productivity” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 33(1): 1-31.

 

The new kind

Blaut, James 1999. “Environmentalism and Eurocentrism” Geographical Review 89(3): 391-408.

Colchester, Marcus 2000. “Self-Determinism or Environmental Determinism for Indigenous Peoples in Tropical Forest Conservation” Conservation Biology 14(5): 1365-1367.

Sluyter, Andrew. 2003. “Neo-Environmental Determinism, Intellectual Damage Control, and Nature/Society Science” Antipode 35(4): 813-817.

McNeill, J.R. 2001. “The World According to Jared Diamond” The History Teacher 34(2): 165-174.

Hausmann, Ricardo. 2001. “Prisoners of Geography” Foreign Policy Jan/Feb: 45-53.

Frenkel, Stephen. 1992. “Geography, empire, and environmental determinism” Geographical Review 82(2); 143-154.

 

Frenkel, Stephen. 1994. “Old Theories in New Places?  Environmental Determinism and Bioregionalism” Professional Geographer 46(3):289-295.

Frenkel, Stephen. 1996. “Jungle Stories: North American Representations of Tropical PanamaGeographical Review 86(3): 317-333.

Peet, Richard. 1985. “The Social Origins of Environmental Determinism” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 75(3):309-333.

Bassin, Mark. 1996. “Nature, Geopolitics and Marxism: Ecological Contestations in Weimar Germany” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers New Series 21(2):315-341.

Pulido, Laura. 2000. “Rethinking Environmental Racism: White Privilege and Urban Development in Southern CaliforniaAnnals of the Association of American Geographers 90(1): 12-40.

Kirkpatrick, Jamie. 2000. “The Political Ecology of Biogeography” Journal of Biogeography 27(1): 45-48.

 

Question – 1.Why was environmental determinism shoved into the closet?

2. What did it mean historically?

3. Is the new environmental determinism dangerous?

 

October 22. Human Geographers’ Ways of Looking at the Physical Environment

Aitken, 8

Agnew  13, “Traces on the Rhodian Shore”, Clarence Glacken

Guelke, Leonard. 1997. “The Relations between Geography and History Reconsidered” History and Theory 36(2): 216-234.

 

Aiken 28

______14 “Influences of Geographic Environment” Ellen Semple

_______17, “The Morphology of the Landscape” Carl Sauer

 

Aitken 23

_______16 Geography, Marx and the Concept of Nature” Neil Smith and Phil O’Keefe

_____19 Marxism, Culture and the duplicity of nature” Stephen Daniels

Question –1. How is nature political?

            2. Is description of the landscape human geography?

            3. What does the historic view add to our understanding of the nature of landscape?

 

October 29, no new readings

October 29 Second paper: Research a geographer whose work spans human and physical systems.  What did the geographer study, how did she study it, and how credible were her findings.

 

Nov.5  Scale

Aitken 4

Sidorov, Dimitri, 2000. “National Monumentalization and the Politics of Scale: The Resurrection of the Cathedral of Christ the Savior in MoscowAnnals of the Association of American Geographers 90(3):548-572.

 

Aitken7

Gezon and Paulson, 2005. Place, Power, Difference: Multiscale Research at the Dawn of the Twenty-first Century, in Political Ecology across Spaces, Scales, and Social Groups, pp. 1-17.

Herod, Andrew and Melissa Wright. 2002. “Introduction: Theorizing Scale” in Geographies of Power, Placing Scale. Oxford: Blackwell.

 

Aitkin,  24, 26, 11, 3, 4

Question: 1. Scale explains everything.

2. Scale is artificial and is used to promote political positions.

3.  Scale is socially constructed.

 

Regions

November 12  Old regional geography:

Agnew Chapter 22. “Region, Environment, Heredity, and Consciousness” Herbertson.

_______Chapter 23 “Human Regions” Fleure

_______Chapter 24 “The Character of Regional Geography” Hartshorne

­­­­­­­­­_______Chapter 32 “ The territorial growth of states” Ratzel

 

Agnew Chapter 35 “Exceptionalism in Geography: a Methodological Examination”, Shaefer.

Unwin, Chapter 5. “From region to process: the emergence of geography as an empirical-analytic science.

 

Aitken 8,9

Questions: 1. What was the nature of the argument between Hartshorne and Shaefer?

2. Why was Shaefer right?

3 Why was Hartshorne right?

 

November 19 New Regional Geography.

Aitken 25

Holmen, Hans. 1995. “What’s New and What’s Regional in the ‘New Regional Geography’? Geografiska Annaler, Series B, Human Geography 77(1):47-63.

 

Aikten12

Deas, Iain and Kevin Ward. 2000. “From the ‘new localism’ to the ‘new regionalism’?  The implications of development agencies for city-regional relations” Political Geography 19(2000): 273-292.

Regionalism – Anne Gilbert – cite to be supplied

Assignment: Find and discuss a recent article that uses: 1. political boundaries as regions

2. Conflict over the meaning of regions

3. Regions as a concept of convenience

 

How do human geographers do research?

Nov. 26

Unwin Chapter 6, Geography and historical-hermeneutic science: the quest for understanding.

Agnew, Chapter 7 Critical science and society: the geographer’s interest

Agnew 11, “Geography without human agency” David Ley

Aiken 3, 8,4,6

Question: all groups.  Pick a theoretical framework from chapter 6 or 7 of Unwin. Find a study that used the framework and discuss how the framework was used.

 

Dec 3 The role of social theory in human geography

Aitken, 6

Gregory, D. 1996. ´Commitments: The Work of Theory in Human Geography’ Economic Geography 72(1):73-80.

Agnew, chapter 12  “Areal Differentiation and Post-modern Human Geography” Derek Gregory

 

Staeheli, Lynn and Patricia Martin. 2000. “Spaces for Feminism in Geography” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science Vol 571 Feminist Views of the Social Sciences: 135-150.

Fels, Dick. 2001. “Three Spaces of Social Theory: Towards a Political Geography of Knowledge. Canadian Journal of Sociology 26 (1):31-56.

 

Unwin Chapter 8.

Aiken 9, 10, 27

Question: Is post-modernism a theory?

 

December 10 no readings

 Paper #3 The social production of space is an underlying concept in much of modern research.  Discuss why you think that is the case.

 

EXAM TBA – the university’s problem, not mine.